The Parisian club has now won the prestigious trophy on fourteen different times.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a stoppage-time leveler followed by a perfect penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a fourth straight Trophee des Champions title.
The European champions seemed to be sailing towards a straightforward win in the showdown between the French league champions and the French Cup winners after Ousmane Dembele found the scoring in the opening stages.
However, the southern French side fired twice in the closing moments to seize a surprise advantage. Initially, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking twist of events, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital leveler in the final seconds to send the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then stood as the key figure, saving decisive kicks from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all converted with composure for PSG to seal a convincing penalty win.
Now 14-time champions PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now won this trophy for the 12th time in the last 13 seasons.